Animal Info - Japan
Contents
Threatened Species, Environmental
and Social Data (Mammals, Biodiversity/Ecosystems,
Population, Area/Land Use, Protected Lands, Economy, Education), References
and Links
Threatened Species
Threatened Species: The following list
includes all mammals which occur in Japan and are rated as Critically
Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN) or Vulnerable (VU) in the 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals.
- Critically Endangered:
- Bonin Fruit Bat (Pteropus pselaphon). (Endemic
to Japan.)
- Gloomy Tube-nosed Bat (Murina tenebrosa). (Endemic to
Japan.)
- Muennink's Spiny Rat (Tokudaia muenninki). (Endemic to
Japan.)
- Endangered:
- Amami Rabbit (Pentalagus
furnessi). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Blue Whale (Balaenoptera
musculus).
- Echigo Mole (Mogera etigo). (Endemic
to Japan.)
- Endo's Pipistrelle (Bat) (Pipistrellus endoi). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus).
- Frosted Myotis ( Bat) (Myotis pruinosus). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Honshu Myotis (Bat) (Myotis ozensis). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Imaizumi's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus imaizumii). (Endemic to
Japan.)
- Japanese Dormouse (Glirulus japonicus). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Lesser Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros turpis).
- Marianas Flying Fox (Pteropus mariannus).
- Orii's Shrew (Crocidura orii). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Ryukyu Flying Fox (Pteropus
dasymallus).
- Ryukyu Long-tailed Giant Rat (Diplothrix legatus). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Ryukyu Mole (Neoscaptor uchidai). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Ryukyu Spiny Rat (Tokudaia osimensis). (Endemic to
Japan.)
- Sado Mole (Mogera tokudae). (Endemic
to Japan.)
- Sado Shrew (Sorex sadonis). (Endemic
to Japan.)
- Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris).
- Sei Whale (Balaenoptera borealis).
- Steller's Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus).
- Vulnerable:
- Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus).
- Azumi Shrew (Sorex hosonoi). (Endemic
to Japan.)
- Dugong (Dugong dugon).
- Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra).
- Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena).
- Hosono's Myotis (Bat) (Myotis hosonoi). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Humpback Whale (Megaptera
novaeangliae).
- Japanese Mountain Mole (Euroscaptor mizura). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Northern Fur Seal (Callorhinus ursinus).
- Southeast Asian Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus fuscus). (Endemic
to Japan.)
- Sperm Whale (Physeter catodon).
- Taiwan Macaque (Macaca cyclopis). (Introduced
populations.)
- Wakayama Red-backed Vole (Phaulomys andersoni). (Endemic to Japan.)
- White Whale (Delphinapterus leucas).
- Yoshiyuki's Myotis ( Bat) (Myotis yesoensis). (Endemic to Japan.)
- Other:
Environmental and Social Data
Mammals
Total number of species: 132 (Groombridge
& Jenkins 1994)
Number of endemic species: 38 (Groombridge & Jenkins 1994)
Number of threatened species: 1996: 29
(22 % of
total species) (IUCN 1996); 2000:
40 (30 % of total species) (IUCN 2000)
Biodiversity/Ecosystems
Japan contains the Nansei Shoto Archipelago Forests, Lake Biwa, and Nansei Shoto
Marine Ecosystems Global 200
Ecoregions (Olson & Dinerstein
1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999)
Population
Population in 1995: 125,236,000 (Natl.
Geog. Soc. 1995)
Population density in 1995: 331.5 people/sq km (858.5 people/sq mi) (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Population in 1998: 125,931,533 (World
Almanac 1999)
Average population growth rate, 1980 - 1990: 0.6 % (World Bank 1992)
Area/Land Use
Area: 377,815 sq km (145,875 sq mi) (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Percentages of primary world ecosystem types:
- Other Coastal Aquatic: 21 %
- Polar and Alpine: 1 %
- Grass and Shrub: 5 %
- Crop and Settlements: 18 %
- Interrupted Woods: 27 %
- Major Forests: 30 %
(Groombridge 1992)
Percent of land area classified as the following degree of human disturbance:
Low: 0 %; Medium: 40 %; High: 61 % (WRI 1994)
Protected Lands
Area: 46,640 sq km (18,003 sq mi) (Groombridge
1992)
Percent of land protected: 3.54 % totally protected; 9.07 % partially protected;
12.61 % totally or partially protected (Groombridge
1992)
Economy
Per capita GNP ($ U.S.) (1991): $26,824 (WRI
1994)
Per capita GDP ($ U.S.) (1996): $22,700 (World Almanac 1999)
Education
Percent of females in secondary education (1989): 97 % (World Bank 1992)
Percent adult literacy: Female: 99 % (1970); Male: 99 % (1970) (WRI 1994)
References and Links
References: Groombridge 1992, Groombridge & Jenkins 1994, IUCN 1994, IUCN 1996, IUCN 2000, IUCN
2004, Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995, Olson & Dinerstein 1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999, World Almanac 1999, World Bank 1992, WRI 1994
General Links (After you get to one of these sites, click on the link
for Japan): CIA
World Factbook, Foreign
Embassies of Washington, D.C., Library
of Congress - Country Studies, University
of Texas - Country Maps, Washington
Post - Countries, World
Resources Institute - Country Profiles; Links for Japan: Conservation
International - Japan (English and Japanese),
The Nature
Conservancy - Japan, United
Nations Environment Program - Japan, WWF
Japan (Japanese)
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Last modified: January 10, 2006;
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