Animal Info - Malaysia
Contents
Threatened Species, Environmental
and Social Data (Mammals, Biodiversity/Ecosystems,
Population, Area/Land Use, Protected Lands, Economy, Education), References
and Links
Threatened Species
Threatened Species: The following list
includes all mammals which occur in Malaysia and are rated as Critically
Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN) or Vulnerable (VU) in the 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals.
- Critically Endangered:
- Endangered:
- Asian Elephant (Elephas
maximus).
- Banteng (Bos javanicus).
- Blue Whale (Balaenoptera
musculus).
- Bornean Tree Shrew (Tupaia longipes).
- Borneo Water Shrew (Chimarrogale phaeura). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- False Serotine Bat (Hesperoptenus doriae). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Malayan Shrew (Crocidura malayana). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Mountain Spiny Rat (Maxomys alticola). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- (Bornean) Orang-utan (Pongo
pygmaeus).
- Otter Civet (Cynogale
bennetti).
- Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus).
- Sei Whale (Balaenoptera borealis).
- Small Spiny Rat (Maxomys baeodon). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Summit Rat (Rattus baluensis). (Endemic
to Malaysia.)
- Tiger (Panthera
tigris).
- Vulnerable:
- Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus).
- Asiatic Golden Cat
(Catopuma temminckii).
- Bare-backed Rousette ( Fruit Bat) (Rousettus spinalatus).
- Bay Cat (Catopuma badia).
- Bornean Smooth-tailed Tree Shrew (Dendrogale melanura). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Clouded Leopard
(Neofelis nebulosa).
- Coppery Pipistrelle (Bat) (Pipistrellus cuprosus). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Cox's Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros coxi). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Dhole (Cuon alpinus).
- Dugong (Dugong dugon).
- Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra).
- Fishing Cat (Prionailurus
viverrinus).
- Flat-headed Cat
(Prionailurus planiceps).
- Four Striped Ground Squirrel (Lariscus hosei). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Gaur (Bos frontalis).
- Hairy-nosed Otter (Lutra sumatrana).
- Hose's Palm Civet (Diplogale hosei). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Hose's Shrew (Suncus hosei). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Humpback Whale (Megaptera
novaeangliae).
- Jentink's Squirrel (Sundasciurus jentinki).
- Kinabalu Ferret-badger (Melogale everetti). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Lesser Ranee Mouse (Haeromys pusillus).
- Mainland Serow (Capricornis sumatraensis).
- Malayan Porcupine (Hystrix brachyura).
- Malayan Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros nequam). (Endemic to Malaysia.)
- Malayan Tapir (Tapirus
indicus).
- Marbled Cat (Pardofelis
marmorata).
- Northern Pigtail Macaque (Macaca leonina).
- Pig-tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina).
- Ranee Mouse (Haeromys margarettae).
- Ridley's Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ridleyi).
- Smooth-coated Otter (Lutra perspicillata).
- Stumptail Macaque (Macaca arctoides).
Environmental and Social Data
Mammals
Total number of species: 286 (Groombridge
& Jenkins 1994)
Number of endemic species: 27 (Groombridge & Jenkins 1994)
Number of threatened species: 1996:
42 (15 % of
total species) (IUCN 1996); 2000:
51 (18 % of total species) (IUCN 2000)
Biodiversity/Ecosystems
Malaysia contains the Mt. Kinabalu Montane and Alpine Scrub & Forest Global 200 Ecoregion as
well as portions of the Kayah-Karan/ Tenasserim Moist Forests, Peninsular Malaysian
Lowland & Montane Forests, Central Borneo Montane Forests, Northern Borneo-Palawan
Moist Forests, Sundaland Rivers & Swamps, Isthmus of Kra Marine Ecosystems, Sulu Sea,
and Sulawesi Sea Global 200
Ecoregions (Olson & Dinerstein
1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999)
Malaysia contains portions of the Western Sunda Global
Biodiversity Hotspot (Cons. Intl. 1999a)
Malaysia is a Megadiversity
Country (Cons. Intl. 1999b)
Population
Population in 1995: 19,944,000 (Natl.
Geog. Soc. 1995)
Population density in 1995: 60.5 people/sq km (156.6 people/sq mi) (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Population in 1998: 20,932,901 (World
Almanac 1999)
Average population growth rate, 1980 - 1990: 2.6 % (World Bank 1992)
Area/Land Use
Area: 329,750 sq km (127,317 sq mi) (Natl. Geog. Soc. 1995)
Percentages of primary world ecosystem types:
- Other Coastal Aquatic: 8 %
- Major Wetland: 3 %
- Grass and Shrub: 2 %
- Crop and Settlements: 10 %
- Interrupted Woods: 33 %
- Major Forests: 45 %
(Groombridge 1992)
Percent of land area classified as the following degree of human disturbance: Low:
41 %, Medium: 19 %, High: 40 % (WRI 1994)
Protected Lands
Area: 14,880 sq km (5,744 sq mi) (Groombridge
1992)
Percent of land protected: 2.7 % totally protected, 1.77 % partially protected,
4.47 % totally or partially protected (Groombridge
1992)
Economy
Per capita GNP ($ U.S.) (1991): $2,497 (WRI
1994)
Per capita GDP ($ U.S.) (1996): $10,750 (World Almanac 1999)
Education
Percent of females in secondary education (1989): 59 % (World Bank 1992)
Percent adult literacy: Female: 70 % (1990), 48 % (1970); Male: 87 % (1990), 71 %
(1970) (WRI 1994)
References and Links
References: Cons. Intl. 1999a, Cons. Intl. 1999b, Groombridge 1992, Groombridge
& Jenkins 1994, IUCN 1994, IUCN 1996, IUCN 2000,
IUCN 2004, Natl. Geog.
Soc. 1995, Olson & Dinerstein 1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999, World Almanac 1999, World Bank 1992, WRI 1994
General Links (After you get to one of these sites, click on the
link for Malaysia): CIA
World Factbook, Foreign
Embassies of Washington, D.C., Library
of Congress - Country Studies, University
of Texas - Country Maps, Washington
Post - Countries, World
Resources Institute - Country Profiles
Links for Malaysia: United
Nations Environment Program - Malaysia, WWF - Malaysia,
WWF Expeditions - The
Heart of Borneo
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Last modified: February 18, 2006;
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